Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), an infrequent but significant condition, is primarily seen in individuals who engage in the recurrent use of cannabis. This syndrome is defined by a cyclical pattern of symptoms including recurring episodes of queasiness, bouts of vomiting, and severe abdominal discomfort. Despite comprehensive research in this field, the precise causative agent behind CHS remains elusive. However, scientists hypothesize that it might be linked to the overstimulation of cannabinoid receptors located throughout our digestive tract, a direct consequence of excessive cannabis usage. The manifestation of CHS symptoms usually unfolds in a structured, three-phase manner, which, in severe instances, may span over a prolonged period. The initial stage, known as the prodromal phase, is generally marked by relatively subdued symptoms. During this period, individuals may experience bouts of early morning nausea, persistent abdominal pain, and frequent bouts of unease or anxiety. The duration of this phase is unpredictable, and it may persist for several weeks or months, and in some cases, the prodromal phase may even extend into years. Following the prodromal stage is the hyperemetic phase, often described as the peak of CHS symptom severity. This phase is characterized by severe, recurrent episodes of vomiting that may occur numerous times throughout the day. On a quest for symptom relief, individuals suffering from CHS frequently resort to hot baths or showers during this phase. While the hyperemetic phase may only last for a few days or weeks, it is often a severely debilitating period for those afflicted. Upon cessation of cannabis use, individuals enter the recovery phase. During this stage, symptoms typically resolve themselves within 24-48 hours. However, this period may require hospitalization for some individuals, especially when the repeated vomiting has led to severe dehydration. In such cases, medical intervention is necessary to replenish fluids and electrolytes. CHS is a relatively novel condition still shrouded in mystery. Despite the lack of comprehensive understanding, emerging research implies that the prevalence of CHS is on the rise, particularly among young adults who consume cannabis on a daily basis. Equipped with this knowledge, if you, or someone you know, suspect the presence of CHS, it is crucial to promptly consult a medical professional. A healthcare provider will be able to provide an accurate diagnosis based upon your symptoms and medical history, and if confirmed, discuss upon the appropriate treatment options. As of now, the only proven method to combat CHS is complete cessation of cannabis usage. However, medical advancements may soon lead to the discovery of more targeted treatments for this condition.

– CHS is a rare condition that affects people who use cannabis (marijuana) at least once a week for a long time. It causes frequent, severe nausea and vomiting, along with abdominal pain¹²³⁴⁵⁶.

– CHS is divided into three phases: prodromal, hyperemetic, and recovery. The prodromal phase is marked by mild symptoms such as morning nausea, abdominal pain, and anxiety. The hyperemetic phase is marked by intense and persistent vomiting, which can only be relieved by taking hot showers or baths. The recovery phase occurs after stopping cannabis use, and the symptoms go away¹²³⁴⁵⁶.

– The exact cause of CHS is unknown, but it is thought to be related to the overstimulation of cannabinoid receptors in the digestive system. These receptors are normally involved in regulating nausea, appetite, and pain. However, in some people, chronic cannabis use may disrupt their normal functioning and cause CHS¹²³⁴⁵⁶.

– The only known cure for CHS is to stop using cannabis. This may be difficult for some people, especially if they use cannabis for medical reasons or to cope with stress. However, continuing to use cannabis will only worsen the symptoms and may lead to serious complications, such as dehydration, kidney failure, and electrolyte imbalance¹²³⁴⁵⁶.

– CHS is a new diagnosis, and it is still not widely recognized by many doctors and patients. It may be confused with other conditions, such as cyclic vomiting syndrome, gastroparesis, or food poisoning. Therefore, it is important to tell your doctor about your cannabis use history and your symptoms, and to ask for a referral to a specialist if needed¹²³⁴⁵⁶.

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(2) Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS). https://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/UHS-website-2019/Patientinformation/Emergency-medicine/Cannabinoid-hyperemesis-syndrome-CHS-2506-PIL.pdf.

(3) Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome | The BMJ. https://www.bmj.com/content/366/bmj.l4336.

(4) Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome: What Is It, Symptoms & Treatment. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21665-cannabis-hyperemesis-syndrome.

(5) Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome – Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid_hyperemesis_syndrome.

(6) What is cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome? – handouts. https://www.handouts.ca/pdfs/Hyperemesis.pdf.

(7) undefined. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4336.